What does CALP stand for?

The term CALP stands for Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency. This concept is essential in understanding the language demands of academic contexts, especially for English language learners. CALP refers to the ability to use language in cognitively demanding situations, which includes discussing abstract concepts, using complex vocabulary, and engaging in critical thinking required for academic success.

CALP is distinct from Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills (BICS), which are the everyday conversational skills that students typically develop first. While BICS can be acquired in a relatively short time frame, CALP often takes longer to develop because it requires a deeper understanding of the subject matter, academic language features, and the ability to manipulate language in sophisticated ways.

This distinction is important for educators and language specialists when designing curricula, assessments, and instruction that effectively support students in bridging their language development with their academic needs.